The Different Types of Plumbing Pipes and Their Uses

A Complete Guide to the Different Types of Plumbing Pipes

Most of us don’t think about the pipes behind our walls until there’s a leak or the water pressure drops. These pipes work like your home’s circulatory system, bringing in fresh water and carrying waste away. Knowing what kind of pipes you have can save you time, money, and stress when it’s time for repairs or upgrades. Different types of pipes are often used in different areas, which means that understanding what’s in your walls can help you avoid future problems.

The Importance of Using the Right Type of Pipe

Most people assume a pipe is just a pipe, but the material dictates everything from water quality to system longevity. Central Oregon homeowners can learn about the different types of plumbing pipes from Firkus Plumbing. Our team has seen it all since opening our doors in 1971, from the galvanized steel of mid-century builds to the modern flexible plastics used in new construction. Recognizing these materials helps you have more informed conversations with professionals and ensures you aren’t caught off guard by the unique quirks of your specific plumbing system.

The Many Types of Plumbing Pipes and Their Uses

If you look around your home, you may notice that your plumbing system has many different types of pipes. Some might be red and blue and look like they’re made of a plastic, while others might be made of copper and soldered together. It can be overwhelming to try to parse through all these different pipes. Luckily, we’ve provided simple explanations for the most common types of plumbing pipes.

Copper Pipes

Copper pipes have been a popular choice in older and high-end homes for many years. They resist corrosion, handle heat well, and help keep your water clean because of their antimicrobial properties. Copper costs more at first and needs to be soldered during installation, but it’s a long-lasting option for main water lines and hot water systems.

PEX

One of the most pivotal advances in modern plumbing comes in the form of PEX pipes. Due to their flexibility and the ease of installation, these have become a favorite material when it comes to running water throughout your home. Their red and blue color coding makes it easy to keep track of hot and cold water lines. Best of all, these pipes are flexible enough to expand if water freezes, preventing many situations that lead to a burst pipe.

PVC

If you see rigid plastic tubes under your sink, you’re probably looking at PVC pipes. This kind of piping is incredibly versatile because it’s light, easy to work with, and relatively affordable. PVC is most often used for drainage and sewage lines, but it should not be used for water supply lines since it can warp and soften if exposed to the high temperatures produced by most water heaters.

CPVC

While PVC pipes can soften and warp under high heat, CPVC is designed to handle hot and cold water. This means that you may find CPVC around water heaters or anywhere that might otherwise use copper water lines. CPVC is a popular choice because it is easy to connect, just like PVC, but has more use cases.

ABS

If you see black pipes in your crawlspace, they’re probably ABS. ABS pipes are easy to install and were once popular for drain and vent systems. However, they can become brittle if exposed to sunlight, and some areas now limit their use because newer plastics are more durable. If you have ABS pipes, check their condition and think about newer options if you’re planning a remodel.

Galvanized Steel

Galvanized steel pipes were common in homes built before the 1960s. They were coated with zinc to prevent rust, but over time, the coating wears off, and the pipes start to corrode inside. If you have these pipes, you might notice low water pressure or rusty water, both signs that it’s time to replace them.

Stainless Steel

Stainless steel pipes are tough, long-lasting, and resistant to corrosion, even from salt. They’re rarely used throughout the whole home because they tend to be costlier than alternatives, but you might see them in coastal homes or as part of exposed, industrial-style plumbing where looks and durability matter most.

Brass

While brass piping does exist, it is most commonly found in valves and fittings. Plumbing large sections of a home with expensive brass pipes is usually cost-prohibitive. Many plumbers prefer brass fittings during plumbing repairs and installation because the alloy is pliable enough to create tighter seals than other metals. You are likely to find many brass fixtures on pump fittings, water tank valves, and other places that require the tightest seal possible.

When to Use Each Kind of Pipe

Choosing the right pipe means thinking about your local conditions and what your home needs. For example, if your water is acidic, it can wear down copper pipes but won’t affect plastic ones. Some situations that call for specific types of pipes include:

• Water Temperature: Ensure the material is rated for hot water if the line connects to a heater.

• Water Pressure: High-pressure mains require rigid materials like copper or Schedule 40 PVC.

• Installation Difficulty: PEX allows for fewer connections and easier routing than rigid metal.

• Soil Conditions: Buried lines need materials resistant to root intrusion and soil shifting.

  
  

Contact Us for Pipe Repairs and Services!

You don’t have to figure out plumbing pipes on your own. Our family-owned team has helped Central Oregon homeowners for over 50 years, treating every house like our own. Whether you’re facing an emergency or planning a remodel, we’ll help you choose the best materials for your needs and budget. Reach out to us to get started.